EV FLEET MANAGEMENT & SMART CHARGING
- Introduction
- Chapter 1: Why are so many fleets becoming electric?
- Chapter 2: The evolution of EV fleet management
- Chapter 3: Let your EV drivers charge anywhere
- Chapter 4: Smart charging with advanced energy features
- Chapter 5: Reserving your fleet charging
- Chapter 6: Payments and invoicing
- Chapter 7: Intelligent software for your fleet
- Chapter 8: Electric car fleet management solution options
- Chapter 9: How Worldline are championing their EV fleet performance
- Chapter 10: Conclusion
Introduction
Managing a fleet is no easy task - it requires balancing driver safety, operational efficiency, and cost control. Add electrification into the mix, and it also opens the door to exciting innovations and sustainable practices.
Fleet electrification isn’t just another hurdle to overcome; it can mean a reduced Total Cost of Ownership (TCO) and because of that, a smart commercial decision that helps optimise and future-proof your operations.
The shift to electric vehicles (EVs) is no longer a question of ‘if’ but ‘when.’
With the ZEV mandate policy dictating that 80% of new vehicles sold (cars, LGVs, and HGVs) need to be low-emission by 2035, the pace of EV adoption is accelerating. Electric vehicles are here to stay, and the time to prepare is now.
We’re here to support that journey.
In this guide, you’ll discover everything you need to know about managing a high-performing electric fleet, whether you’re just beginning your journey or looking to enhance your current fleet performance.
Why are so many fleets becoming electric?
Europe hosts a substantial fleet of vehicles, spanning passenger cars to commercial vehicles. Notably, the continent is home to over 44.8 million commercial fleet vehicles in 2022, including vans, trucks, and buses.
The electrification of these commercial fleets varies significantly both by segment and by country.
In other regions, like the UK for example, EV fleet car registrations surged by 11.8% from 2023 to 2024, reaching an impressive 1,163,855 units - meaning nearly six out of ten new cars (59.6%) sold were for fleet. Across the EU, trends remain similarly positive, indicating strong growth in fleet electrification.
Light Goods Vehicles (LGVs) are also transitioning to electric power at a notable pace. According to the European Environment Agency, 91,000 new electric vans were registered in 2023, accounting for 7.7% of all new van registrations, a clear indicator of growing adoption within the LCV sector.
The story is different for Heavy Goods Vehicles (HGVs). Despite ongoing progress, electrifying this segment presents unique challenges. The demands of long-haul routes, heavy loads, and the need for rapid and efficient charging solutions have slowed the transition compared to other vehicle types.
Still, progress is being made, as indicated by the graph below.
Have the same upfront investment, if not less, for EVs
In 2024, global PHEV and BEV vehicle sales reached over 17 million units. The rapid growth of EVs and the abundance of new, affordable EV models both contribute to the accelerating price drops of electric cars. So much so that the price parity between EVs and traditional ICE vehicles is expected to close within the next five years. Notably this has happened in the UK with the recent release of the Vauxhall Frontera EV, which is priced exactly the same for the hybrid and EV models.
What's more, the split between capital expenditures (CAPEX) and operating expenses (OPEX) of traditional vehicles versus electric vehicles is drastically changing.
Vehicle price and TCO
The price gap between EVs and ICE vehicles is quickly closing. A study by LeasePlan, found that the average total cost of ownership (TCO) for EVs is lower than for ICE cars.
The major aspects of ownership used when calculating TCO includes:
LeasePlan conducted comparative analysis across 16 countries, including the United Kingdom, and found:
- Maintenance of BEV, on average, was 50% less than their ICE counterparts.
- Increased mileage and extended lease duration gave BEVs greater cost advantages.
- The cost of an EV was 1% lower than for a similar ICE vehicle.
You can find the full data below.
But it’s not only TCO cost that’s driving businesses to adopt electric.
Maintenance Cost
EVs have fewer moving parts compared to ICE vehicles which mean there is less maintenance needed and further cost savings. EVs aren’t required to go through emission checks (since emissions are non-existent), and they don’t require much of the regular maintenance required for ICE vehicles such as:
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Regular oil changes
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Replacing various filters: oil, transmission, gas, and air
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Topping off fluids: transmission and radiator
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Replacing spark plugs
Moreover, the brake pads and brake rotor last longer with EVs—around double the distance needed before brake work is required. This is because EVs are engineered to generate a charge back to the battery when you release the accelerator, which recaptures inertia energy.
Cost of batteries
Global battery demand doubled in 2021 from the previous year. The sheer demand for EVs means that production of batteries is growing and the technology is constantly improving. However, in early 2022, prices for battery metals increased significantly.
Fuel price: Electric vs fossil
In a study by the University of Michigan’s Transportation Research Institute, EVs were found to cost less than half as much to operate as gas-powered cars. At the time of the study in 2018, the average cost to drive an EV in the U.S. was $485 per year, while the average for a gasoline-powered vehicle was $1,117. The price difference does depend on the current gas and electric rates of the location, along with the type of car you drive.
Vehicle range – charge capacity
Range anxiety refers to the concern of reaching a destination before an EV’s batteries run out. The truth is, EVs already exceed most drivers’ needs. Most electric cars can travel an average of 300 km on a full battery charge; the latest Tesla S Long-Range can even go for 610 km on a single charge.
In terms of charge time, EVs can now fully charge in 30 minutes, thanks to the High Power Charging stations (or HPC). Moreover, as of 2021, the ratio for EV per PCP (Public Charging Point) was approximately 7.5 EVs per PCP, and we find that most countries already fall under the recommendations set by the EU in 2014 - 10 EVS per PCP. In addition, there were on average 5 fast public charging points for every 100 km on EU highways in 2021.
Emissions regulation & government
Many governments worldwide have already enacted laws that ban the sale of ICE vehicles in the coming years. Already in 2030, Ireland, Netherlands, Denmark, Norway. and India will ban petrol and diesel vehicle sales. Israel will also ban the importation of all fossil-fuel cars.
By 2040, the UK, France, and potentially Germany have committed to banning all ICE sales. Each of these government mandates puts public pressure on OEMs to transition to zero-emission vehicles to meet their climate and air quality goals.
Evolving electric vehicle fleet management
Whether your title is a Fleet Manager, Operations Manager, CFO or CEO, you’ll know that the purpose of fleet management is to oversee your organisation’s or client’s whole vehicle fleet, this includes its operations and maintenance – from acquisition to disposal.
Running an efficient fleet operation helps you increase productivity, reduce costs, and ensure compliance across all vehicles.
Your responsibilities likely include:
- Vehicle and Driver Policies
- Fleet procurement
- Service, Maintenance and Repair (SMR)
- Driver training
- Asset utilisation
- Route planning
- Overseeing fuel/electric usage and fuel/charging costs
- Ownership of fleet software
- Grey Fleet management
Needing to manage a transition from ICE to EV as well as all of this can seem daunting. It brings a whole new set of challenges and a different way to ‘refuel’ your vehicles, as well as manage the perceptions and views of your drivers.
Adding to the complexity, fleet technology is advancing at a rapid pace. As electric vehicles become increasingly popular, more efficient, and backed by continued government support, staying ahead of the curve is crucial.
When it comes to fleet management, electric vehicles are the new frontier - so what does this look like in 2025 and beyond?
The future of autonomous, sustainable fleets
As mentioned above, EV fleet management is evolving rapidly, driven by impressive technological leaps, sustainability priorities, and improved charging infrastructure.
But the challenge with a quickly evolving industry is that it’s easy to get left behind. That’s why it’s important to stay in the know!
We’ve broken down some key developments reshaping the field here:
- Sustainability goals: As organisations emphasise sustainability, fleet managers must reduce carbon emissions, adopt renewable energy charging, and align with global environmental targets.
- AI and machine learning: These technologies optimise fleet tasks such as deployment, energy use, and predictive maintenance, improving efficiency and reducing costs.
- Enhanced charging networks: Expanding ultra-fast, wireless, and renewable energy-integrated charging infrastructure will support diverse regional fleet operations.
- Transitioning to autonomous EVs: While this might be further into the future than other developments, fully autonomous electric vehicles could eventually minimise the need for drivers and enable more flexible operations.
Preparing for the future first starts with acknowledging what change is possible and most urgent - electrification is definitely top of that list.
How do you prepare for the future
In the following chapters, we’ll dive into the essential elements of fleet management, helping you identify key areas of operational change. Here's what to look forward to:
- Let your EV drivers charge anywhere
- Smart charging with advanced energy features
- Reserving your fleet
- Payments and invoicing
- Leveraging intelligent software
By addressing these critical topics, you’ll gain a comprehensive understanding of the tools and practices needed to enhance your fleet operations.
Read also:
Let your EV drivers charge anywhere
One huge benefit of electric vehicles is that they give you the control to choose where you'd like to charge - EV charger locations aren't limited in the way that petrol stations are, landowners and developers have a lot more flexibility on location as well as cost.
As a fleet operator, this level of freedom means you can research the most fitting locations for your fleet, whether that's at a depot, the office, at-home charging or a major hub along well-travelled fleet routes.
Depot or workplace EV charging
Operating EV chargers at your workplace gives you convenience and full control over scalability - this can also be enhanced by a back-end charge point management system like Virta Hub.
It’s also a popular way to reinforce employer branding and strengthen the employee experience.
In a survey we ran with Kantar, over 80% per cent of EV drivers globally said they expect to be able to charge at work.
This could take the form of a corporate EV car fleet, LGV, or HGV - depending on your business needs.
It also means you can oversee charging schedules, ensuring vehicles are ready for deployment without reliance on the drivers themselves. You could even make chargers accessible to the public and earn another revenue stream when your own employees aren’t using them (we explore that below).
When it comes to depot setups, these are more practical for larger vehicles like LCVs, HGVs or simply when your fleet drivers don't have the at-home space.
And you might find additional benefits, as depot charging can exploit bulk electricity rates, off-peak charging, renewable energy integration, and more.
Home EV charging
According to our survey with Kantar, 88% of people would like to charge their electric car at home. It's easy to see why, home charging offers your drivers the ultimate convenience by allowing them to leave from home with a ‘full tank’, especially useful if they aren't within a distance of work charging or public charge points.
As with depot and workplace charging, Virta offers a simple way to manage your fleet drivers charging from home. Your drivers only have to enter the price they pay per kilowatt hour (kWh) into our backend system, and Virta takes care of the rest.
Your employees automatically receive a reimbursement for the electricity they charge at home every month, and they can keep track of everything via the Virta mobile app.
Public EV charging
When it comes to your own EV charging stations, you can also choose to make them available to the public.
Opening your EV chargers to the public ensures that your chargers are utilised even when your fleet vehicles are not charging and offers new revenue streams to your business. All you have to do is set your charging prices, and we can manage the rest.
As part of our charging network, your charging stations will be accessible to all drivers using the Virta app, including over half a million EV drivers.
The revenue you generate from these charging stations is then paid monthly straight into your business account.
Get access to 520,000+ charging stations throughout Europe and beyond
Charging infrastructure around the world continues to expand and improve. If you join an existing network like the Virta Charging Network, you can charge all your fleet and electric company cars at over +120,000 public Virta charging points.
Thanks to roaming, in cooperation with Hubject and Gireve, two major roaming hubs we partner with, you get access to thousands of charging stations throughout Europe. Your drivers won't have to worry about range anxiety.
EV hubs
Another charging option is at EV charging hubs - these are public stations solely dedicated to electric car charging.
Hubs can be built either as standalone stations or directly on an existing premise, like your own corporate site. They would be especially valuable for areas with block apartments that don't have enough EV charging stations or any EV chargers at all.
Smart charging with advanced energy features
A critical aspect of electrification is understanding and managing your energy consumption. This principle applies not only to EV charging but also to other uses like heating your office building or running machinery.
Every site has a maximum energy capacity, and exceeding it can lead to inefficiencies or even power outages.
EV charging contributes significantly to overall energy usage, and if consumption exceeds capacity, charging times may become unexpectedly long, or you could experience a power outage.
Exciting developments have already been made in this domain by forward-thinking utility companies that invest in smart grid technology - helping sites manage their energy usage more effectively.
You can also optimise your fleet’s charging process by investing in smart charging solutions and controlling energy usage through the EV chargers themselves. These systems help balance energy usage, ensuring efficient and reliable charging while preventing disruptions.
These concepts may sound complex, but we’ll break down their definitions below.
What is a smart grid?
Smart grids began evolving in the 20th century when utility companies realised that these complex communication systems needed extensive modernising to respond to our electric charging demands.
Rather than traditional systems that rely on a linear pathway of information, smart grids enable two-way communication between energy users and energy production, and all the other channels that exist in between - these systems are called smart grids.
The major benefit of this is that these grids add resiliency to our electric system to sustain emergencies such as severe storms and earthquakes.
A smart grid also helps to address our ageing energy infrastructure, which will eventually need to be upgraded or replaced.
Basic charging vs smart charging
For EV charging to be part of the smart grid ecosystem, it needs to be “smart” as well. Smart EV charging - refers to a system where an EV and a charging device share a data connection so that you can manage how your EV charges by connecting it to the grid.
As opposed to basic (or dumb) charging devices that aren’t connected to the cloud, smart charging allows you to monitor, manage, and restrict the use of charging devices remotely to optimise energy consumption.
With smart charging, you also have the opportunity to connect to a public charging network (typically found on EV charging apps), which means you’ll attract new customers.
But it can do much more - if you have sophisticated backend charging software and chargers, you can utilise a variety of energy management features. This includes:
- DLM (Dynamic Load Management): EV chargers will automatically consume the maximum amount of power they are capable of, but with DLM You can decide the maximum power your EV chargers consume.
- ALM (Adaptive Load Management): This monitors a site’s full electrical usage for things like lighting and air conditioning. By tracking all energy usage, you can then charge your EVs during periods of low energy usage and vice-versa.
- Vehicle-to-grid (V2G) technology: Enables the charged power to be momentarily pushed back from a car’s batteries to the smart grid to balance spikes in energy production and consumption. This is crucial because EVs can provide a critical source of flexibility in our energy system and help stabilise the volatility caused by renewable energy production.
- Priority charging: Especially useful for fleets, this feature ensures that drivers who need charging most urgently are given priority status. We can support this with our Virta Priority feature.
Advantages when pairing EV fleet management with smart charging
Because of the volatility of renewable energy, local energy storage systems have a vital role in the energy ecosystem. The Virta platform is the first EV charging platform in the world that enables the integration of these distributed energy resources into the electricity market internationally. Since EVs are essentially big batteries on wheels, you’ll open up entirely new revenue streams and savings when you opt for smart charging. Some examples of those opportunities are spectrum management (short-term grid balancing) and providing battery capacity—especially in the future. The benefits range from savings of thousands to tens of thousands of euros annually depending on the scale and usage. In a study by EY, they found that smart charging can enhance revenue by 32%.Reserving your fleet charging
When it comes to managing an electric fleet, the most important thing is ensuring your drivers always have access to a charger when they need a charger. You need your trucks, vans, and cars to be operational at all times.
While charging at your depot or workplace means you have full control over charger accessibility, this isn’t the case with public chargers.
Long-distance drivers need to be sure that when they’re on route, they’ll still be able to charge - this is especially important when planning routes as a fleet manager.
Virta’s reservation tool tackles this issue by allowing you to reserve public charge points in advance - so that drivers can arrive at their destination, charge at their allocated time, and be on their way without any hassle involved.
For your fleet, this means:
- Keeping operations efficient: Pre-planning your charger usage means less downtime and frustration.
- Simplicity and flex: Reservations can be made with only a few clicks in the Virta Hub platform, and you can adjust them when needed.
- Smarter planning: The tool can be fully integrated with existing management systems, and you’ll receive automated invoicing and real-time data on charger usage.
Read more about how this impacts heavy-duty fleets here.
Payments and invoicing
Simple, accurate, and flexible - that's how good payment systems operate.
When you have a fleet of a few hundred or even thousands of vehicles, you can't afford to have inaccurate data, complex cost logic or lengthy reporting.
Equally, you don't want to hear from your drivers that they haven't been reimbursed accurately or spend hours manually adjusting pricing tariffs if you operate public chargers for revenue, either.
Your fleet charging must be a seamless part of your management system and financial processing.
So, when you're thinking about what a good management system looks like, here are a few things to think about.
Home-charging reimbursement
There are several ways fleet managers can reimburse drivers for the cost of charging at home.
One way is by using HMRC's advisory electricity rate (AER), which is reviewed quarterly. However, depending on your driver's current home energy tariff and vehicle efficiency, this can end up costing you more if the AER is low.
Another way is to actually work out the total and accurate cost of the energy consumed, but as Paul Hollick, chair of the Association of Fleet Professionals (AFP), this "can be mind-blowingly complicated to collect all of the transaction data to be able to work out how to reimburse employees".
That's why Virta handles the home charging reimbursement on your behalf. The only thing your driver needs to do is input the price per kWh that they pay for electricity into our system - the driver then gets paid out monthly in a fully automated system. Simple!
Automated into a single bill
Another consideration is convenient billing.
No matter how many vehicles you're managing, having the option to get a single invoice per month for your entire fleet can be a huge time-saver. Alternatively, if you'd like to get costs allocated by car, driver, or geographical location, that's possible, too!
Being able to break down costs by vehicle, driver, or location can be really useful for reporting.
Virta supports these pain points with an automated payment and invoicing solution; you can eliminate time-consuming manual tasks! And all charging events are seamlessly consolidated into one clear bill.
We provide the detailed data you need to allocate costs in a way that aligns with your processes, and if you operate in multiple countries or manage EV drivers across borders, we handle country-specific requirements so you can focus on running your fleet hassle-free.
And when it comes to API connectivity, Virta can support your connectivity too - ensuring all your tech works seamlessly together.
Intelligent software for your fleet
There's one thing that ties all of the above features together, from smart energy usage to automated billing, and that's an intelligent backend software for your fleet management.
So, when it comes to EV fleet management companies, we're here to help! Virta is the leading EV charging platform in Europe, and we can provide you with an end-to-end fleet charging solution.
The Virta Fleet solution for EV charging takes care of your fleet's billing and management and always keeps it moving. The solution runs on our backend system, the Virta Hub, and can be controlled via the cloud – anytime and from anywhere. All data can also be easily transferred into your existing fleet data tools.
As an end-to-end service provider, Virta takes care of every step of the process until your EV charging operations are up and running - and beyond.
During operation, we take care of maintenance and firmware updates for all your charging stations and support for your EV drivers.
Get real-time insights into driving, charging status, charging behaviour, and energy consumption, and have complete control of your fleet.
Electric car fleet management solution options
We know that’s a lot of information to take in, so let’s break it down.
Whether you're getting ready to transition to electric vehicles and need end-to-end support or you want a more flexible and modular solution for improving current operations, there are different fleet management solution options to consider.
Option 1: Utilise a vast existing network of smart EV charging stations
If you’re not looking to invest in your own chargers, your company can join an existing charging network and charge your entire fleet within that network. All of your fleets can enjoy convenient billing and have all charging events organised under a single invoice.
Option 2: Invest in own smart chargers
If you’d like to have chargers at your corporate location, several sites, or even at the homes of your drivers, you also have the option to purchase your own EV chargers.
You can customise these with your own branding and choose from our huge range of EV charger suppliers, including AC and DC chargers - learn more about charger types here.
You can also generate additional revenue by setting up public charging stations too.
Option 3: Invest in a smart charge point management system
Already have the hardware and the network but want to upgrade your backend system? We’ve got just the ticket with Virta Hub.
The smart energy features, easy-to-use interface, and convenient billing make it an essential part of fleet operations. We support you with the software setup (migration if you're coming from another provider), and our talented team can advise you on best practices.
Or don’t mess about and choose options 1 + 2 + 3 to build a full end-to-end fleet solution!
How Worldline are championing their EV fleet performance
So, what does effective fleet management look like in real life?
One great example is Worldline, a global innovator in payment services that operates in 40 countries and has almost 20,000 employees. The organisation was hopeful about reducing its carbon footprint through fleet electrification, as well as providing charging to its employees at its sites in France.
A huge organisation like that needs a solution that is reliable and cost-effective.
To ensure they received maximum ROI and performance, they partnered with Virta.
After installing more than 44 charging points at Worldline's six sites in France, company, personal, and service vehicles are now able to utilise the organisation's charging offering.
And they have been utlising it! More than 750 charging sessions are carried out each quarter, with the usage rate increasing by 24% over six months.
Equally, the results showed that employees visited the organisation's sites more on Mondays and Fridays.
Conclusion
The transition to EVs for fleets is already happening, and it is advantageous in terms of efficiency, cost, and performance fronts. No matter what option you choose, now is the time to start leading the electrification change (if you haven’t already!).
The future of fleet is electric.
We at Virta know that different fleets have different needs. However, what they all have in common is the need for a holistic charging solution. The Virta Fleet solution covers all areas of EV charging. It ensures that charging always complies with national and international legislation, norms, standards, and VAT law.
At Virta, we always have one focus: you - the fleet manager. The Virta Fleet solution takes care of all the nitty gritty in the background so that e-mobility is not an obstacle but an opportunity for you and your business.
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Why you should electrify your corporate fleet
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